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- $Unique_ID{BRK03593}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Cholangitis, Primary Sclerosing}
- $Subject{Cholangitis, Primary Sclerosing Stenosing Cholangitis Fibrosing
- Cholangitis Chronic Obliterative Cholangitis Primary Biliary Cirrhosis}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1987, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 418:
- Cholangitis, Primary Sclerosing
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible the main title of the article (Primary Sclerosing
- Cholangitis) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYMS listing
- on the next page to find alternate names, disorder subdivisions, and related
- disorders covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Stenosing Cholangitis
- Fibrosing Cholangitis
- Chronic Obliterative Cholangitis
-
- Information on the following disorder can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis is a rare collagen disorder involving
- inflammation and blockage of the bile duct, liver ducts and gallbladder.
- Episodes of pain and discomfort of the right upper section of the abdomen may
- gradually become prolonged. This disorder predominately affects males.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The initial pain and discomfort of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis affects the
- upper right section of the abdomen and is associated with inflammation of the
- common bile ducts. Episodes of pain gradually become prolonged. Loss of
- appetite, nausea, or vomiting may occur, accompanied by weight loss. The
- liver may become enlarged and noticeably sensitive. When collagen tissue
- increases, an irregular pattern of thickening in the walls of the common bile
- ducts blocks the transport of bile. When bile is blocked, it may be
- absorbed into the blood in abnormal amounts causing a yellow discoloration of
- the skin (jaundice) accompanied by chills, fever, or itching of the skin.
- Fat soluble vitamins are poorly absorbed from the intestine. Blockages often
- associated with inflammation or infection can also occur in the gall bladder
- and the liver. Bacterial infections resulting from ulcerative colitis,
- Crohn's Disease, retroperitoneal fibrosis, generalized vasculitis,
- thyroiditis, or orbital pseudotumors may be associated with bile duct
- blockages of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.
-
- For more information, choose "ulcerative colitis" and "Crohn" as your
- search terms in the Rare Disease Database.
-
- Causes
-
- The exact cause of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis is not known. Researchers
- believe an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction or a widespread disturbance
- of collagen-containing tissues may be responsible for symptoms.
-
- Affected Population
-
- Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis is a rare disorder predominately affecting
- middle-aged males, although it may affect males of any age.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to Primary Sclerosing
- Cholangitis. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Primary Biliary Cirrhosis, also known as Hanot's Cirrhosis, is a rare
- liver condition occurring mainly in females. It is characterized by yellow
- discoloration of the skin (jaundice) associated with obstruction and
- inflammation of the large bile ducts which normally transport bile.
- Additionally, abnormal cells accumulate in the liver associated with
- degenerative liver disease (cirrhosis). Blockage may not occur in small bile
- ducts. Some long-term severe cases of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis may
- develop into Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. (For more information on this
- disorder, choose "Primary Biliary Cirrhosis" as your search term in the Rare
- Disease Database.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis may benefit from imaging methods
- such as X-ray or CAT Scan to identify the exact location and nature of
- blockages. Surgery to remove blockages and enlarge narrowed bile ducts may
- be of benefit to help prevent liver deterioration. Lost vitamins should be
- replaced when required to prevent complications related to these
- deficiencies. Antibiotics may be useful in controlling inflammation or
- infection. The drug cholestyramine may be effective in controlling itching.
- Other treatment is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- Liver transplants for experimental treatment of the most severe cases of
- Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis are being considered. Other treatments being
- tested include drainage of blocked bile through tubes inserted in ducts and
- enlarging abnormally narrowed bile ducts (at least temporarily) by inserting
- a tiny balloon inside the duct and inflating it (endoscopic balloon
- dilation). Effectiveness and side effects of these procedures and devices
- have not been fully documented and more extensive research is being pursued
- before their therapeutic value for Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis can be
- evaluated.
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- December 1988. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse
- Box NDIC
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 468-2162
-
- American Liver Foundation
- 998 Pomptom Avenue
- Cedar Grove, NJ 07009
- (201) 857-2626
- (800) 223-0179
-
- The United Liver Foundation
- 11646 West Pico Blvd.
- Los Angeles, CA 90064
- (213) 445-4204 or 445-4200
-
- Children's Liver Foundation
- 14245 Ventura Blvd.
- Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
- (818) 906-3021
-
- References
-
- PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS: J.J. Alberti-Flor, et al.; South Med J
- (February 1985, issue 78(2)). Pp. 173-177.
-
- DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS: R.H.
- Wiesner, et al.; Semin Liver Dis (August 1985, issue 5(3)). Pp. 241-253.
-
- THERAPEUTIC INVESTIGATIONS IN PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS: R. Grijm,
- et al.; Dig Dis Sci (August 1986, issue 31(8)). Pp. 792-798.
-
-